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The Vršac Castle ((セルビア語:Вршачки замак, ''Vršački zamak'')) formerly known as "Vršac Tower" ((セルビア語:Вршачка кула, ''Vršačka kula'')) is a medieval fortress near Vršac, Vojvodina, Serbia. Only Donjon tower remained from the entire complex, but in 2009 reconstruction started, to recreate the entire Vršac Castle. Vršac Castle was declared a Monument of Culture of Great Importance in 1991, and is protected by the Republic of Serbia. == History == There are two theories about the origin of this fortress. According to the Turkish traveler, Evliya Çelebi, the fortress was built by the Serbian despot Đurađ Branković. Historians consider that Branković built the fortress after the fall of Smederevo in 1439.〔(Vršac history ) 〕 In its construction the fortress had some architectural elements similar to those in the fortress of Smederevo and the fortress around the Manasija monastery.〔Györffy György, , 1987 (third edition). ((ラテン語:Geographia historica Hungariae tempore stripis Arpadianae), "History of Hungarian geography during the Árpád Dynasty")〕 The other theory claims that Vršac Castle is a remnant of the medieval fortress known as ''Erdesumulu'' (Hungarian: ''Érdsomlyó'' or ''Érsomlyó'', Serbian: ''Erd-Šomljo'' / Ерд-Шомљо or ''Šomljo'' / Шомљо). However, sources for this theory do not identify ''Erdesumulu'' with Vršac, but claim that the location of this town and fortress was further to the east, on the Karaš River, in present-day Romanian Banat. A Town named ''Erdesumulu'' was first mentioned in 1227. A Dominican monastery with the relics of Saint Dominic was founded there between 1230 and 1240, and from 1255 it was the seat of the comes. The fortress of ''Erdesumulu'' was built in 1335 as a royal fortress.〔 After the Ottoman conquest in 1552, the Vršac fortress was used by the Ottomans. In 1590/91 the Ottoman garrison there consisted of one aga, two Ottoman officers and 20 Serb mercenaries.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vršac Castle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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